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Quality Assurance (QA)

Simple Definition for Beginners:

Quality Assurance (QA) ensures that a product or service meets specified requirements and standards through systematic processes and checks.

Common Use Example:

When a software company tests its programs to find and fix bugs before releasing them to customers, they are performing quality assurance.

Technical Definition for Professionals:

Quality Assurance (QA) is a systematic process designed to determine if a product or service meets specified requirements and standards. It involves a set of activities to ensure quality in the processes by which products are developed, tested, and delivered. Key aspects include:

  • Process-Oriented Approach:

o QA focuses on improving and managing processes to ensure that products are developed correctly. It involves defining standards and procedures to prevent defects.

  • QA Activities:

o Planning: Establishing objectives, resources, and procedures for achieving quality goals.

o Control: Monitoring processes to ensure they are carried out correctly.

o Assurance: Regular audits and evaluations to ensure adherence to standards.

o Improvement: Continuously enhancing processes based on feedback and performance data.

  • Key Components of QA:

o Standards and Guidelines: Establishing benchmarks and protocols for processes.

o Documentation: Maintaining detailed records of procedures and results to ensure transparency and consistency.

o Testing: Conducting various tests to verify that products meet quality standards.

o Review and Audit: Periodic assessments to ensure ongoing compliance with quality standards.

  • QA Methodologies:

o Waterfall: A linear and sequential approach where each phase must be completed before the next begins.

o Agile: An iterative approach that promotes continuous testing and integration.

o Six Sigma: A data-driven approach to eliminate defects and improve processes.

o ISO 9001: An international standard specifying requirements for a quality management system (QMS).

  • Tools and Techniques:

o Automated Testing Tools: Software like Selenium, QTP, and JUnit to automate repetitive testing tasks.

o Bug Tracking Systems: Tools like JIRA, Bugzilla, and Redmine to log and track defects.

o Continuous Integration Tools: Jenkins, Travis CI, and CircleCI to automate the integration and testing process.

Quality Assurance (QA)

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